Communitas in fright tourism

 Communitas in fright tourism

Communitas in fright tourism: Tourism Geographies: Vol 22 , No 2 - Get Access

Liminality offers an explanation of the threshold one passes through as they enter a tourist destination. Beginning with the anticipation phase of the experience a tourist travels to a destination for an on-site experience. Multiple thresholds occur for the tourist, yet during the periods prior to the actual event, motivations will likely draw or repel the individual. For dark tourism research none have reviewed these liminal experiences in fright tourism, the more entertaining and lighter aspect of the dark elder. To better understand the anticipation stage of the liminal experience, the influence of fear while entering a haunted attraction is explored. Fear is expected to contribute to the fun of these haunted attractions. During this liminal phase, communitas evolve where the social bonding of the visitors develops during the encounter. Characteristics of these groups are examined in this exploratory study.

摘要

阈限为人们进入旅游目的地所经历的临界状态提供了一种解释。从体验的预期阶段开始, 游客前往目的地进行现场体验。游客会出现多个临界点, 但在实际活动之前, 动机可能会吸引或排斥游客。对于黑暗旅游的研究, 没有人评论过这些在恐惧旅游中的阀限体验, 黑暗旅游中老年游客更有趣和更轻松的方面。为了更好地理解阈限体验的预期阶段, 我们探讨了进入闹鬼景点时恐惧的影响。恐惧被认为是这些闹鬼景点的乐趣之一。在这一阈限阶段, 旅游者在这种旅游偶遇中发展出社会连接, 随之演化出旅游者共同体。本探索研究探讨了这些群体的特征。

Keywords:

Liminoid communitas fright tourism dark attractions fear tourist travel phases

关键词:

Liminality offers an explanation of the threshold one passes through as they enter a tourist destination. Beginning with the anticipation phase of the experience a tourist travels to a destination for an on-site experience. Multiple thresholds occur for the tourist, yet during the periods prior to the actual event, motivations will likely draw or repel the individual. For dark tourism research none have reviewed these liminal experiences in fright tourism, the more entertaining and lighter aspect of the dark elder. To better understand the anticipation stage of the liminal experience, the influence of fear while entering a haunted attraction is explored. Fear is expected to contribute to the fun of these haunted attractions. During this liminal phase, communitas evolve where the social bonding of the visitors develops during the encounter. Characteristics of these groups are examined in this exploratory study.

摘要

阈限为人们进入旅游目的地所经历的临界状态提供了一种解释。从体验的预期阶段开始, 游客前往目的地进行现场体验。游客会出现多个临界点, 但在实际活动之前, 动机可能会吸引或排斥游客。对于黑暗旅游的研究, 没有人评论过这些在恐惧旅游中的阀限体验, 黑暗旅游中老年游客更有趣和更轻松的方面。为了更好地理解阈限体验的预期阶段, 我们探讨了进入闹鬼景点时恐惧的影响。恐惧被认为是这些闹鬼景点的乐趣之一。在这一阈限阶段, 旅游者在这种旅游偶遇中发展出社会连接, 随之演化出旅游者共同体。本探索研究探讨了这些群体的特征。

Keywords:

Liminoid   communitas   fright tourism   dark attractions   fear   tourist travel phases

关键词:

阈值 社群 恐惧旅游黑 暗景点 恐惧 旅行阶段

and part of 

Article collection: Dark Tourism Geographies

Liminality in Tourism

 I'll take a break from the AT blogs and announce that our book is now out.

1st Edition 

 

 

Liminality in Tourism
Spatial and Temporal Considerations

Edited By

Robert S. Bristow

Ian Jenkins

 

 

Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing

 The first 75 entries (out of about 1,000) in the Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing are now found online.  Two chapters are free,  Unfortunately, mine is not, but that is the realm of academic publishing.  

Content costs.

The complete listing of encyclopedia entries is found here.

All told, I contributed 5 entries:

Aerial Imagery (Timothy LeDoux lead author)

Dark Tourism

Fright Tourism

Liminal Tourism (Ian Jenkins lead author)

Master Plans and Tourism (Alina Gross lead author)

enjoy!

one year anniversary

 One year ago we published:

Bristow, R. S. & Jenkins, I. (2020). Spatial and Temporal Tourism Considerations in Liminal Landscapes. Tourism Geographies. 22(2): 219-228. doi: 10.1080/14616688.2020.1725618

here is the abstract:

Anthropogenic geographic studies in tourism should consider the liminality of the experience. Tourism by definition means a temporal and/or spatial movement takes place. How the tourist interacts and behaves during this transitory experience is a logical progression into human leisure behaviour. Several recent international gatherings of geographers provide the foundation to explore liminality in tourism and we build on those papers in this special issue. The papers are varied in geographies, yet have a central theoretical basis in all things liminal. Invited papers in this special issue are founded on the research presented at two international geography conferences in sessions devoted to tourism. The American Association of Geographers meeting in Boston, Massachusetts in 2017 and the Royal Geographic Society with the Institute of British Geographers in Cardiff, Wales in 2018 gathered geographers from around the world to study this theme. The following papers give the most comprehensive geographic review in tourism to date and we encourage additional dialogue

We just got the last permission to publish this edition as a book (hopefully May 2021)

WSU Faculty Showcase

 here are the slides from my animated slide show presented 1 December 2020 via Zoom.

Liminal Tourist Landscapes

Tourism Geographies Vol. 22, No. 2, May 2020 
SPECIAL ISSUE: Liminal Tourist Landscapes 

Spatial and temporal tourism considerations in liminal landscapes. - Robert S. Bristow & Ian S. Jenkins (Guest Editors) - Liminality, liminoid, spatial and temporal considerations, tourism landscapes, 阈限, 类阈限, 旅游景观, 时空因素

Liminality at-sea: cruises to nowhere and their metaworlds - Bradley Rink -  Liminality, cruise tourism, alcotourism, party tourism, debauchery tourism, South Africa, 阈限, 邮轮旅游, 美酒旅游, 派对旅游, 纵情旅游, 南非

The liminality in popular festivals: identity, belonging and hedonism as values of tourist satisfaction - Lorena Rodríguez-Campo, Fátima Braña-Rey, Elisa Alén-González & José Antonio Fraiz-Brea - Rural landscapes, liminoid spaces, liminal experience, communitas, hedonism, individual changes, festive ritual, A Festa do Boi (Spain), satisfaction, behavioural intentions, 乡村景观, 类阀限空间, 阈限体验;共同体, 享乐主义, 个人的变化, 节日仪式, 西班牙亚马逊复活牛节, 满意度, 行为意向​

Between space and place in mountaineering: navigating risk, death, and power - Maggie C. Miller & Heather Mair - Liminal landscapes, adventure tourism, mountaineering, death, Sherpas, Nepal, 阈限景观；探险旅游；登山；死亡；夏尔巴人；尼泊尔

Liminality in nature-based tourism experiences as mediated through social media - Eugenio Conti & Susanna Heldt Cassel - Liminality, liminal space, nature-based tourism, tourism experience, social media, Instagram, netnography, 阈限, 阈限空间, 自然旅游, 旅游体验, 社交媒体, 即时照片墙, 网络民族志

Liminality Wanted. Liminal landscapes and literary spaces: The Way of St. James - Rubén C. Lois González & Lucrezia Lopez - The Way of St. James, Pilgrimage Landscapes, Liminality, Communitas, Travel Narratives, Liminal Literary Spaces, 圣詹姆斯之路, 朝圣景观, 阀限, 共同体, 游记, 阀限文学空间

Liminality and difficult heritage in tourism - Velvet Nelson - Liminality, difficult heritage, slavery, tourist reviews, TripAdvisor, slave huts, Bonaire, Caribbean, 阈限, 艰难的遗产, 奴隶制, 旅游评论, 猫途鹰, 奴隶小屋, 博内尔岛, 加勒比

South African township residents describe the liminal potentialities of tourism. - Meghan L. Muldoon - Townships, South Africa, race, liminality, apartheid, slum tourism, poverty tourism, tourism encounters, 城镇, 南非, 种族, 阈限, 种族隔离, 贫民窟旅游, 扶贫旅游, 旅游相遇​

Communitas in fright tourism. - Robert S. Bristow - Liminoid, communitas, fright tourism, dark attractions, fear, tourist travel phases, 阈值, 社群, 恐惧旅游, 黑暗景点, 恐惧, 旅行阶段

Dark tourism and moral disengagement in liminal spaces - (Open Access) - Nitasha Sharma - Agency, Dark tourism, India, liminality, moral disengagement, transgressive behavior, 黑暗旅游, 阈限, 道德脱离, 代理, 越轨行为, 印度

Change within the change: pregnancy, liminality and adventure tourism in Mexico. - Isis Arlene Díaz-Carrión, Paola Vizcaino-Suárez & Hugo Gaggiotti - Adventure tourism, gender, Latin America, liminality, Mexico, pregnancy, rhizomatic body, 性别, 怀孕, 阈限, 根状体, 探险旅游, 墨西哥, 拉丁美洲

Transformative landscapes: liminality and visitors’ emotional experiences at German memorial sites - Doreen Pastor & Alexander J. Kent - Liminality, memory tourism, memorial sites, palimpsest, Germany, visitor research, visitor maps, 阈限, 记忆旅游, 纪念地, 重写本, 德国, 游客研究, 游客地图

(thanks to Alan Lew for the translations)

See the entire list of papers at this link.

Spatial and temporal tourism considerations in liminal landscapes

So here is our introductory paper for the Special Issue Themed paper for Tourism Geographies.

Spatial and temporal tourism considerations in liminal landscapes

Anthropogenic geographic studies in tourism should consider the liminality of the experience. Tourism by definition means a temporal and/or spatial movement takes place. How the tourist interacts and behaves during this transitory experience is a logical progression into human leisure behaviour. Several recent international gatherings of geographers provide the foundation to explore liminality in tourism and we build on those papers in this special issue. The papers are varied in geographies, yet have a central theoretical basis in all things liminal. Invited papers in this special issue are founded on the research presented at two international geography conferences in sessions devoted to tourism. The American Association of Geographers meeting in Boston, Massachusetts in 2017 and the Royal Geographic Society with the Institute of British Geographers in Cardiff, Wales in 2018 gathered geographers from around the world to study this theme. The following papers give the most comprehensive geographic review in tourism to date and we encourage additional dialogue.

Communitas in fright tourism

my latest paper, titled

 Communitas in fright tourism

has been published in Tourism Geographies.

Abstract

Liminality offers an explanation of the threshold one passes through as they enter a tourist destination. Beginning with the anticipation phase of the experience a tourist travels to a destination for an on-site experience. Multiple thresholds occur for the tourist, yet during the periods prior to the actual event, motivations will likely draw or repel the individual. For dark tourism research none have reviewed these liminal experiences in fright tourism, the more entertaining and lighter aspect of the dark elder. To better understand the anticipation stage of the liminal experience, the influence of fear while entering a haunted attraction is explored. Fear is expected to contribute to the fun of these haunted attractions. During this liminal phase, communitas evolve where the social bonding of the visitors develops during the encounter. Characteristics of these groups are examined in this exploratory study.

 Keywords: Liminoid, communitas, fright tourism, dark attractions, fear, tourist travel phases

For a link to the paper. click here.

 Received 23 Sep 2018, Accepted 24 Nov 2019, Published online: 13 Jan 2020

Traffic jam on Everest

Despite the danger, climbers still head to Everest.  Check out this photo of the queue of climbers waiting in line to summit the peak.

And I thought Monadnock was crowded!

Communitas in Liminallty

Liminality continued....

During this liminal period, Turner (1969), noted the formation of a community called
communitas. This refers to the realization of a social bond between strangers who, regardless of
their individual backgrounds, temporarily find that they have a common goal during the liminal
phase. In the historic ritualized experience, they are also beholden to the elders, so this bond
develops among the individuals that break down the norms of society and the differentiation
between classes. All are now equal as they face the unknown of the future.

Communitas are also found in tourist groups where social inhibitions are loosened (Campo and
Ryan, 2008; Lett, 1983; Yarnal & Kerstetter, 2005). Night time entertainment in urban centers is
a good example where social norms are relaxed (Campo & Ryan, 2008). Typically these districts
attract a younger clientele who are fearless. Lett (1983) found yacht tourism in the British Virgin
Islands yields freedom to behave beyond the standards of normal accepted life. The communitas
formed during this ludic experience is both fun, freely created and liminal.

In challenging experiences this bond becomes not only important, but essential.

Liminality in Tourism

Tourism scholars have explored liminality for over thirty years (Andrews & Roberts, 2012; Brooker & Joppe, 2014; Crouch, 2000; Lett 1983; Light 2009; Preston-Whyte, 2004; Pritchard, & Morgan, 2006; Varley, 2011). A degree of the unknown is evident in the experience, especially given the hint of death (Andrews & Roberts, 2012). The breadth and depth of understanding the transitional period of travel is an important one to understand since it has a great potential impact on the overall encounter for the visitor.

Challenging us, Preston-Whyte (2004:249) states “(l)iminality is an elusive concept.” Easily recognized, but a challenge to explain, Thomassen (2009) even goes to suggest that the concept does not and cannot explain.  Given that liminality has become as Downey and others (2016:3) call the “catch-all expression for an ambiguous, transitional, or interstitial spatio-temporal dimensions” here we are challenged with defining it under those restraints.  

What does liminality in tourism mean to you?

RGS 2018 Liminal Landscapes is scheduled

Liminal Landscapes in Tourism
Affiliation	Geography of Leisure and Tourism Research Group
Convenor(s)	Robert S. Bristow (Westfield State University, MA, USA) Ian S. Jenkins (University of Iceland, Iceland)
Chair(s)	Robert S. Bristow (Westfield State University, MA, USA)
Timetable	Wednesday 29 August 2018, Session 4 (16:50 - 18:30)
Session abstract	Liminality has recently gained the attention of tourism scholars (Preston-Whyte, 2004; Pritchard, & Morgan, 2006; Andrews & Roberts, 2012; Brooker & Joppe, 2014). The transitional time and space for the tourist experience is an important one to understand since it has a great impact on the overall encounter. Yet the shear nature of liminality is generally so abstract that only recently has research attempted to explore the relationship in tourism. Liminality is anthropologically associated with Rites of Passage (van Gennep, 1960). Turner (1974) refined liminality as the edge of everyday life. Similar to a tourist experience, the chance to break away from the norms of daily life is an important aspect of tourism. Liminality is a logical transition for tourists since they are leaving the comfort of home to travel to some unknown experience. This frequently reflects the period and space in the anticipation and travel to and from phases of the experience (Clawson and Knetsch, 1966; White and White, 2003; and Lew, 2012). The purpose of this session is to explore how liminal landscapes are viewed in travel and tourism.

Final call for paper abstracts on Liminal Landscapes in Tourism

Second and Final Call for Papers

 a gentle reminder that abstracts are due at the end of the month!

---

Tourism Geographies - Call for papers

Special Issue On:  Spatial and Temporal Tourism Considerations in Liminal Landscapes

Guest Editors:

Robert S. Bristow, Westfield State University, Massachusetts, US

Ian S. Jenkins, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

Liminality has recently gained the growing attention from tourism scholars (Crouch, 2000; Preston-Whyte, 2004; Pritchard, & Morgan, 2006; Andrews & Roberts, 2012; Brooker & Joppe, 2014). The transitional time and space for the tourist experience is an important one to understand since it has a great impact on the overall encounter and experience.  Yet the sheer nature of liminality is generally so abstract that only recently has research attempted to explore the relationship in tourism. 

Liminality is anthropologically associated with Rites of Passage (van Gennep, 1960).  Turner (1974) and Shields (2013) refined liminality as the movement from one stage to another. Similar to a tourist experience, the chance to break away from the norms of daily life is an important aspect of tourism.   Liminality is a logical transition for tourists since they are leaving the comfort of home to travel crossing in time and space some threshold or boundary to some unknown experience.  This frequently reflects the period and space in the anticipation and travel to and from different phases of the experience (Clawson and Knetsch, 1966; White and White, 2004; Light 2009; and Lew, 2012). Contemporary literature calls this the “transit zone” for purposes of differentiating experiences of travel from those on-site (Hunter & Shaw, 2007). Even the recollection stage of the experience may reflect a liminal experience (Goodnow & Ruddell, 2009).

Recent paper sessions presented during the American Association of Geographers (Boston 2017) and Royal Geographic Society with the Institute of British Geographers (Cardiff 2018) illustrate the growing body of literature on the theme of liminality and landscapes.  This special issue of Tourism Geographies seeks to build on that research and presents an understanding of how liminality is experienced by the tourist.

For this special issue of Tourism Geographies, we invite papers that address liminality in tourism landscapes.  For tourists there are many opportunities to ‘transit’ from one state to another.  A classic example takes place in a hotel, where social norms are excused and atypical behavior may take place due to the anonymous nature of the tourist’s temporary visit (Pritchard & Morgan, 2006). Certain other landscapes challenge the visitor due to the anticipated experiences (Trudeau & McMorran, 2011; Mott & Roberts, 2014). The arts have also significantly contributed to a liminal experience (Jaimangal-Jones et al, 2010), and dark tourism landscapes have a marked edge in the experience (Lennon & Foley, 2000).

The Special Issue will address the research question of how do tourists observe and experience liminality.  Addressing this question will provide a more holistic insight into the tourist experience.  We invite papers that deal with aspects of liminal landscapes experienced by tourists including:

Urban, Rural and/or peripheral Landscapes

Dark Landscapes

Last Chance Landscapes

Marginalized Landscapes

Adventure Landscapes

Entertainment Landscapes

Diaspora Landscapes

Inspirational and Spiritual Landscapes

Health, Wellness and Medical Tourism

and others

References Cited

Andrews, H., & Roberts, L. (Eds.). (2012). Liminal landscapes: Travel, experience and spaces in-between. Routledge.

Brooker, E., & Joppe, M. (2014). Developing a tourism innovation typology: Leveraging liminal insights. Journal of Travel Research, 53(4), 500-508.

Clawson, M., & Knetsch, J. L. (1966). Economics of outdoor recreation. Washington, DC: Resources for the Future.

Crouch, D. (2000). “Places Around Us: Embodied Geographies in Leisure and Tourism.” Leisure Studies, 19 (1): 63–76.

Goodnow, J. M., & Ruddell, E. (2009). An illustration of the quest genre as spiritual metaphor in adventure travel narratives. Leisure/Loisir, 33(1), 241-267.

Hunter, C., & Shaw, J. (2007). The ecological footprint as a key indicator of sustainable tourism. Tourism Management, 28(1), 46-57.

Jaimangal‐Jones, D., Pritchard, A., & Morgan, N. (2010). Going the distance: locating journey, liminality and rites of passage in dance music experiences. Leisure Studies, 29(3), 253-268.

Lennon, J. J., & Foley, M. (2000). Dark tourism. Cengage Learning EMEA.

Lew, A. A. (2012). Tourism incognita: experiencing the liminal edge of destination places. Études caribéennes, (19).

Light, D. (2009). Performing Transylvania: Tourism, fantasy and play in a liminal place. Tourist Studies, 9 (3): 240-258.

Mott, C., & Roberts, S. M. (2014). Not everyone has (the) balls: Urban exploration and the persistence of masculinist geography. Antipode, 46(1), 229-245.

Preston-Whyte, R. (2004). The beach as a liminal space. In A. Lew, C. M. Hall, & A. Williams (Eds.), The Blackwell’s Tourism Companion (pp. 249–259). Oxford: Blackwell.

Pritchard, A., & Morgan, N. (2006). Hotel Babylon? Exploring hotels as liminal sites of transition and transgression. Tourism Management, 27(5), 762-772.

Shields, R. (2013). Places on the margin: Alternative geographies of modernity. Routledge.

Trudeau, D., & McMorran, C. (2011). The geographies of marginalization. In V. Del Casino, M. Thomas, P. Cloke, R. Panelli (Eds.), VA companion to social geography, (pp. 437-453). Wiley.

Turner, V. (1974). Liminal to liminoid, in play, flow, and ritual: an essay in comparative symbology. Rice Institute Pamphlet-Rice University Studies, 60(3).

Van Gennep, A. (1960). The rites of passage. University of Chicago Press.

White, N. R., & White, P.B. (2004). Travel as transition: Identity and place. Annals of Tourism Research, 31 (1), 200-218.

3. Timeline:

Abstract Submissions:               May 31st, 2018

(250 words, 3-5 keywords noting the significance of each for a total of 500 words)  Include a short biography for each author.  The author guidelines and review process for Tourism Geographies are found here <http://www.tgjournal.com/notes-for-authors.html>.

Abstract Decisions:                           June 30th, 2018

Full Paper Submissions:                   September 31st, 2018

Revisions and Decisions:                 February 28th, 2019

Publication:                                       June - December, 2019

Abstracts are to be submitted to the corresponding editor, Robert S. Bristow, using the email address recgeog@gmail.com.  State “TG Special Issue – Liminal Landscapes” in subject line.

CFP: Spatial and Temporal Tourism Considerations in Liminal Landscapes

Tourism Geographies - Call for papersSpecial Issue On:  Spatial and Temporal Tourism Considerations in Liminal Landscapes

Guest Editors:

Robert S. Bristow, Westfield State University, Massachusetts, US

Ian S. Jenkins, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

Liminality has recently gained the growing attention from tourism scholars (Crouch, 2000; Preston-Whyte, 2004; Pritchard, & Morgan, 2006; Andrews & Roberts, 2012; Brooker & Joppe, 2014). The transitional time and space for the tourist experience is an important one to understand since it has a great impact on the overall encounter and experience.  Yet the sheer nature of liminality is generally so abstract that only recently has research attempted to explore the relationship in tourism. 

Liminality is anthropologically associated with Rites of Passage (van Gennep, 1960).  Turner (1974) and Shields (2013) refined liminality as the movement from one stage to another. Similar to a tourist experience, the chance to break away from the norms of daily life is an important aspect of tourism.   Liminality is a logical transition for tourists since they are leaving the comfort of home to travel crossing in time and space some threshold or boundary to some unknown experience.  This frequently reflects the period and space in the anticipation and travel to and from different phases of the experience (Clawson and Knetsch, 1966; White and White, 2004; Light 2009; and Lew, 2012). Contemporary literature calls this the “transit zone” for purposes of differentiating experiences of travel from those on-site (Hunter & Shaw, 2007). Even the recollection stage of the experience may reflect a liminal experience (Goodnow & Ruddell, 2009).

Recent paper sessions presented during the American Association of Geographers (Boston 2017) and Royal Geographic Society with the Institute of British Geographers (Cardiff 2018) illustrate the growing body of literature on the theme of liminality and landscapes.  This special issue of Tourism Geographies seeks to build on that research and presents an understanding of how liminality is experienced by the tourist.

For this special issue of Tourism Geographies, we invite papers that address liminality in tourism landscapes.  For tourists there are many opportunities to ‘transit’ from one state to another.  A classic example takes place in a hotel, where social norms are excused and atypical behavior may take place due to the anonymous nature of the tourist’s temporary visit (Pritchard & Morgan, 2006). Certain other landscapes challenge the visitor due to the anticipated experiences (Trudeau & McMorran, 2011; Mott & Roberts, 2014). The arts have also significantly contributed to a liminal experience (Jaimangal-Jones et al, 2010), and dark tourism landscapes have a marked edge in the experience (Lennon & Foley, 2000).

The Special Issue will address the research question of how do tourists observe and experience liminality.  Addressing this question will provide a more holistic insight into the tourist experience.  We invite papers that deal with aspects of liminal landscapes experienced by tourists including:

Urban, Rural and/or peripheral Landscapes

Dark Landscapes

Last Chance Landscapes

Marginalized Landscapes

Adventure Landscapes

Entertainment Landscapes

Diaspora Landscapes

Inspirational and Spiritual Landscapes

Health, Wellness and Medical Tourism

and others 

References Cited

Andrews, H., & Roberts, L. (Eds.). (2012). Liminal landscapes: Travel, experience and spaces in-between. Routledge.

Brooker, E., & Joppe, M. (2014). Developing a tourism innovation typology: Leveraging liminal insights. Journal of Travel Research, 53(4), 500-508.

Clawson, M., & Knetsch, J. L. (1966). Economics of outdoor recreation. Washington, DC: Resources for the Future.

Crouch, D. (2000). “Places Around Us: Embodied Geographies in Leisure and Tourism.” Leisure Studies, 19 (1): 63–76.

Goodnow, J. M., & Ruddell, E. (2009). An illustration of the quest genre as spiritual metaphor in adventure travel narratives. Leisure/Loisir, 33(1), 241-267.

Hunter, C., & Shaw, J. (2007). The ecological footprint as a key indicator of sustainable tourism. Tourism Management, 28(1), 46-57.

Jaimangal‐Jones, D., Pritchard, A., & Morgan, N. (2010). Going the distance: locating journey, liminality and rites of passage in dance music experiences. Leisure Studies, 29(3), 253-268.

Lennon, J. J., & Foley, M. (2000). Dark tourism. Cengage Learning EMEA.

Lew, A. A. (2012). Tourism incognita: experiencing the liminal edge of destination places. Études caribéennes, (19).

Light, D. (2009). Performing Transylvania: Tourism, fantasy and play in a liminal place. Tourist Studies, 9 (3): 240-258.

Mott, C., & Roberts, S. M. (2014). Not everyone has (the) balls: Urban exploration and the persistence of masculinist geography. Antipode, 46(1), 229-245.

Preston-Whyte, R. (2004). The beach as a liminal space. In A. Lew, C. M. Hall, & A. Williams (Eds.), The Blackwell’s Tourism Companion (pp. 249–259). Oxford: Blackwell.

Pritchard, A., & Morgan, N. (2006). Hotel Babylon? Exploring hotels as liminal sites of transition and transgression. Tourism Management, 27(5), 762-772.

Shields, R. (2013). Places on the margin: Alternative geographies of modernity. Routledge.

Trudeau, D., & McMorran, C. (2011). The geographies of marginalization. In V. Del Casino, M. Thomas, P. Cloke, R. Panelli (Eds.), VA companion to social geography, (pp. 437-453). Wiley.

Turner, V. (1974). Liminal to liminoid, in play, flow, and ritual: an essay in comparative symbology. Rice Institute Pamphlet-Rice University Studies, 60(3).

Van Gennep, A. (1960). The rites of passage. University of Chicago Press.

White, N. R., & White, P.B. (2004). Travel as transition: Identity and place. Annals of Tourism Research, 31 (1), 200-218.

3. Timeline:

Abstract Submissions:               May 31st, 2018

(250 words, 3-5 keywords noting the significance of each for a total of 500 words)  Include a short biography for each author.  The author guidelines and review process for Tourism Geographies are found here <http://www.tgjournal.com/notes-for-authors.html>.

Abstract Decisions:                           June 30th, 2018

Full Paper Submissions:                   September 31st, 2018

Revisions and Decisions:                 February 28th, 2019

Publication:                                       June - December, 2019

Abstracts are to be submitted to the corresponding editor, Robert S. Bristow, using the email address recgeog@gmail.com.  State “TG Special Issue – Liminal Landscapes” in subject line.

 https://www.researchgate.net/project/Fright-Tourism