Brill's Bible of Building Plans
Since summer is the time of roving carnivals, you might remember some of the rides and shows from your youth, before safety was a concern. These events offer more than corn dogs and fried dough.
Download your copy here.
A couple of preview pages.
My interest comes from Dark Rides and Fright Tourism.
An article in the New York Times highlighted the funeral arrangements for the Monroeville Mall outside of Pittsburg PA. For the non-fright tourists out there, the Monroeville Mall was the filming location for the 1978 zombie movie Dawn of the Dead, directed by George A. Romero.
Inside I shot this video before security asked me to stop.
The film is hard to find, but try this edited copy on Archive.org/
Nearby, was the Monster Bash Movie Convention where I met Conrad Brooks and others.
Communitas in fright tourism: Tourism Geographies: Vol 22 , No 2 - Get Access
Liminality offers an explanation of the threshold one passes through as they enter a tourist destination. Beginning with the anticipation phase of the experience a tourist travels to a destination for an on-site experience. Multiple thresholds occur for the tourist, yet during the periods prior to the actual event, motivations will likely draw or repel the individual. For dark tourism research none have reviewed these liminal experiences in fright tourism, the more entertaining and lighter aspect of the dark elder. To better understand the anticipation stage of the liminal experience, the influence of fear while entering a haunted attraction is explored. Fear is expected to contribute to the fun of these haunted attractions. During this liminal phase, communitas evolve where the social bonding of the visitors develops during the encounter. Characteristics of these groups are examined in this exploratory study.
摘要
阈限为人们进入旅游目的地所经历的临界状态提供了一种解释。从体验的预期阶段开始, 游客前往目的地进行现场体验。游客会出现多个临界点, 但在实际活动之前, 动机可能会吸引或排斥游客。对于黑暗旅游的研究, 没有人评论过这些在恐惧旅游中的阀限体验, 黑暗旅游中老年游客更有趣和更轻松的方面。为了更好地理解阈限体验的预期阶段, 我们探讨了进入闹鬼景点时恐惧的影响。恐惧被认为是这些闹鬼景点的乐趣之一。在这一阈限阶段, 旅游者在这种旅游偶遇中发展出社会连接, 随之演化出旅游者共同体。本探索研究探讨了这些群体的特征。
Keywords:
Liminoid communitas fright tourism dark attractions fear tourist travel phases
关键词:
Liminality offers an explanation of the threshold one passes through as they enter a tourist destination. Beginning with the anticipation phase of the experience a tourist travels to a destination for an on-site experience. Multiple thresholds occur for the tourist, yet during the periods prior to the actual event, motivations will likely draw or repel the individual. For dark tourism research none have reviewed these liminal experiences in fright tourism, the more entertaining and lighter aspect of the dark elder. To better understand the anticipation stage of the liminal experience, the influence of fear while entering a haunted attraction is explored. Fear is expected to contribute to the fun of these haunted attractions. During this liminal phase, communitas evolve where the social bonding of the visitors develops during the encounter. Characteristics of these groups are examined in this exploratory study.
摘要
阈限为人们进入旅游目的地所经历的临界状态提供了一种解释。从体验的预期阶段开始, 游客前往目的地进行现场体验。游客会出现多个临界点, 但在实际活动之前, 动机可能会吸引或排斥游客。对于黑暗旅游的研究, 没有人评论过这些在恐惧旅游中的阀限体验, 黑暗旅游中老年游客更有趣和更轻松的方面。为了更好地理解阈限体验的预期阶段, 我们探讨了进入闹鬼景点时恐惧的影响。恐惧被认为是这些闹鬼景点的乐趣之一。在这一阈限阶段, 旅游者在这种旅游偶遇中发展出社会连接, 随之演化出旅游者共同体。本探索研究探讨了这些群体的特征。
Keywords:
Liminoid communitas fright tourism dark attractions fear tourist travel phases
关键词:
阈值 社群 恐惧旅游黑 暗景点 恐惧 旅行阶段
and part of
Article collection: Dark Tourism Geographies
As the US becomes less welcoming, the data shows:
Originating Non-Stop Air Travel in February 2025
Non-U.S. citizen air passenger arrivals to the United States from foreign countries totaled:
4.116 million in February 2025, down 4.8 percent compared to February 2024.
This represents 88.2 percent of pre-pandemic February 2019 volume.
Source: I-94 Arrivals Program
A friend from the UK reported to me:
"All the news that we get on this side of the pond paints the U.S. as a dystopian, fascist regime that's not even safe to visit — which definitely gives me pause for whether this is the right decision (to return home)."
Forget what you know about Vampires and watch
Mr. Vampire (1985, 96 minutes)
This film is a Color Horror/Comedy Film distributed by Golden Harvest. This is the original hopping vampire film directed by Ricky Lau (Lau Chang Wei) who went on to direct three of the sequels before releasing the control of the theme to others. It was produced by Sammo Hung. Yes, you read that right, hopping vampires.
This original title spawned several sequels and like many Hong Kong flicks, the titles were simply Mr. Vampire 2, 3 and you get the idea. But the original is the best, just like the original Evil Dead is the best in my opinion.
Two years ago, my brother's film Shatter came out.
Time for another Halloween film.
Watch it on Prime here or other steaming platforms.
The great William Castle flick for your enjoyment this Halloween Season.
Watch House on Haunted Hill here.
On YouTube.
And since in Public Domain, easy to find on your streaming channels.
Dark Tourism Futures: Thoughts, Ideas, Scenarios
Philip R. Stone & Daniel W.M. Wright
Chapter 21
Robert Bristow, Alina Gross & Ian Jenkins
Future Dystopian Attractions: Benign Masochism in Dark Tourism
Bristow et al., examine the nature and future of ‘fright attractions.’ The chapter offers a critical account of how and why voyeuristic audiences are drawn to a fictional future of death and suffering, while insisting on a sanitised spectacle. Taking a cross-cultural approach, Bristow et al., anticipate the future of ‘fright tourism’ based upon a macabre interest in death, yet one that is disinfected from reality. With case examples from Japan, Mexico, and Romania, the study is grounded in notions of risk, folklore and mythmaking, geopolitics, religiously, and cultural identity. The chapter also suggests that a ‘benign masochism’ (of pain and pleasure) might be inherent in fright tourism and will remain a key issue for future (lighter) dark tourism attractions and tourist experiences.
This book offers critical scenarios of dark tourism futures and examines how our significant dead will be remembered in future visitor economies. It aims to inspire critical thinking by probing the past, disrupting the present and provoking the future. The volume outlines key features of difficult heritage and future cultural trauma and highlights the role of technology, immersive visitor experiences and the thanatological condition of future dark tourism. The book provides a collection of informed observations of how future societies might recall their memorable dead, and how the noteworthy dead might be (re)created and retained through dark tourism. The book forecasts a dark tourism future that is not only perilous but also full of possibilities. It is a helpful resource for students and researchers in tourism, heritage, futurology, sociology, human geography and cultural studies.
Preorder from Amazon, too.
Contributors
Philip R. Stone and Daniel W.M. Wright: Preface: Dark Tourism Futures: Thoughts, Ideas, Scenarios
Chapter 1. Philip R. Stone: Vertopia: The Future of Dark Tourism Places and Our Digital Dead
Chapter 2. Rachael Ironside and Craig Leith: Virtual Afterlife: Dark Tourism in the Hereafter
Chapter 3. Santa Zascerinska: From 'Bucket List' to 'Afterlist': (Dark) Tourism for the Afterlife
Chapter 4. Daniel W.M. Wright: 'Beyond Human': Dark Tourism, Robots and Futurology
Chapter 5. Özge Kılıçarslan, Mehmet Yavuz Çetinkaya and Kamil Yağci: The Future of Technology and Dark Tourism Experiences
Chapter 6. Diāna Popova, Elizabete Grinblate and Raivis Sīmansons: Bridging Virtual Reality and Dark Heritage
Chapter 7. Richard Fawcus: 'Virtual Monument Wars': The Digital Future of Difficult Heritage
Chapter 8. Marián Alesón-Carbonell: Language as a Mediator: Commodifying Future Dark Tourism
Chapter 9. Saffron Dale, Crispin Dale and Neil Robinson: 'McDeath' – A Future of Dark Travel and End of Life Palliative Care
Chapter 10. Alix Varnajot: Enlightening Dark Tourism Horizons in a Post-Apocalyptic Arctic: A Geopoetic Approach
Chapter 11. Maximiliano E. Korstanje: 'Shrines and Rites of Passage': Toward a Future of Dark Tourism Chronicles
Chapter 12. Elspeth Frew and Clare Lade: Survivor Voices and Disaster Education: Future Commemoration and Remembrance at Dark Tourism Sites
Chapter 13. Abit Hoxha and Kenneth Andresen: Future of Dark Tourism in Kosovo: From Divisions to Digital Possibilities
Chapter 14. Ann-Kathrin McLean: Millennials, Transitional Memory and the Future of Holocaust Remembrance
Chapter 15. Aija van der Steina, Maija Rozite, Inese Runce and Kaspars Strods: Between Revival of Memory and Dark Tourism: The Future of Holocaust-Related Sites in Latvia
Chapter 16. Marta Soligo: 'Mirrors of Society': Cemetery Tourism Futures
Chapter 17. Janine Marriott: 'Not the Right Sort of Visitors': Future Challenges of Cemetery Tourism
Chapter 18. Allan Brodie: 'Into the horrors of the gloomy jail': Towards a Future of UK Prison Tourism and Penal Architecture
Chapter 19. Brianna Wyatt: 'Finding a Light in Dark Places': Lighter Dark Tourism Futures
Chapter 20. Luisa Golz and Tony Johnston: Future of Dark Tourism Festivals: Technology and the Tourist Experience
Chapter 21. Robert S. Bristow, Alina Gross and Ian Jenkins: Future Dystopian Attractions: Benign Masochism in Dark Tourism
Chapter 22. Michael Brennan: Future Directions in Death Studies and Dark Tourism
Philip R. Stone: Afterword: Back to the Dark Tourism Future
References
Index
The Future of Dark Tourism: Enlightening New Horizons is ready for a pre-order on Amazon.
This book offers critical scenarios of dark tourism futures and examines how our significant dead will be remembered in future visitor economies. It aims to inspire critical thinking by probing the past, disrupting the present and provoking the future. The volume outlines key features of difficult heritage and future cultural trauma and highlights the role of technology, immersive visitor experiences and the thanatological condition of future dark tourism. The book provides a collection of informed observations of how future societies might recall their memorable dead, and how the noteworthy dead might be (re)created and retained through dark tourism. The book forecasts a dark tourism future that is not only perilous but also full of possibilities. It is a helpful resource for students and researchers in tourism, heritage, futurology, sociology, human geography and cultural studies.
Contributors
Philip R. Stone and Daniel W.M. Wright: Preface: Dark Tourism Futures: Thoughts, Ideas, Scenarios
Chapter 1. Philip R. Stone: Vertopia: The Future of Dark Tourism Places and Our Digital Dead
Chapter 2. Rachael Ironside and Craig Leith: Virtual Afterlife: Dark Tourism in the Hereafter
Chapter 3. Santa Zascerinska: From 'Bucket List' to 'Afterlist': (Dark) Tourism for the Afterlife
Chapter 4. Daniel W.M. Wright: 'Beyond Human': Dark Tourism, Robots and Futurology
Chapter 5. Özge Kılıçarslan, Mehmet Yavuz Çetinkaya and Kamil Yagci: The Future of Technology and Dark Tourism Experiences
Chapter 6. Diāna Popova, Elizabete Grinblate and Raivis Sīmansons: Bridging Virtual Reality and Dark Heritage
Chapter 7. Richard Fawcus: 'Virtual Monument Wars': The Digital Future of Difficult Heritage
Chapter 8. Marián Alesón-Carbonell: Language as a Mediator: Commodifying Future Dark Tourism
Chapter 9. Saffron Dale, Crispin Dale and Neil Robinson: 'McDeath': A Future of Dark Travel and End of Life Palliative Care
Chapter 10. Alix Varnajot: Enlightening Dark Tourism Horizons in a Post-Apocalyptic Arctic: A Geopoetic Approach
Chapter 11. Max Korstanje: 'Shrines and Rites of Passage': Toward a Future of Dark Tourism Chronicles
Chapter 12. Elspeth Frew and Clare Lade: Survivor Voices and Disaster Education: Future Commemoration and Remembrance at Dark Tourism Sites
Chapter 13. Abit Hoxha and Kenneth Andresen: Future of Dark Tourism in Kosovo: From Divisions to Digital Possibilities
Chapter 14. Ann-Kathrin McLean: Millennials, Transitional Memory and the Future of Holocaust Remembrance
Chapter 15. Aija Van Der Steina, Maija Rozite, Inese Runce and Kaspars Strods: Between Revival of Memory and Dark Tourism: The Future of Holocaust-Related Sites in Latvia
Chapter 16. Marta Soligo: 'Mirrors of Society': Cemetery Tourism Futures
Chapter 17. Janine Marriott: 'Not the Right Sort of Visitors': Future Challenges of Cemetery Tourism
Chapter 18. Allan Brodie: 'Into the horrors of the gloomy jail': Towards a Future of UK Prison Tourism and Penal Architecture
Chapter 19. Brianna Wyatt: 'Finding a Light in Dark Places': Lighter Dark Tourism Futures
Chapter 20. Luisa Golz and Tony Johnston: Future of Dark Tourism Festivals: Technology and the Tourist Experience
Chapter 21. Robert S. Bristow, Alina Gross and Ian Jenkins: Future Dystopian Attractions: Benign Masochism in Dark Tourism
Chapter 22. Michael Brennan: Future Directions in Death Studies and Dark Tourism
Philip R. Stone: Afterword: Back to the Dark Tourism Future
“Dark liminal spaces in fright tourism.” New England St. Lawrence Valley Geographic Society, New Britain CT. Oct 2017.
Check out this movie from the presentation:
This is it! Accept no substitutes! This bad-boy was directed by Joseph Green and stars Herb Evans, Virginia Leith and Adele Lamont. You may have seen the edited version of this film but try to find the complete version with some hard gore, fortunately in glorious black and white!
The story revolves around a doctor's quest to find an attractive body to transplant his fiancée's head onto after a serious automobile accident. They didn't have a seat belt on folks! Have your new teenage drivers watch this one.
Watch it here for free.
Also known as The Head That Wouldn't Die, this cult classic belongs in your collection. And if you like it, The Head (1959), a similar film but harder to find, but not impossible! Be sure to watch 'em all.
You might think that Japan is just good for Godzilla. But more recently we have seen Ring, The Grudge, and the 2000 title Versus.
But also Audition and Ichi the Killer, a bit too hardcore violence for me.
But what about The Manster? Now we are talking!
A Cult-Classic from the director Kenneth Crane (Monster From Green Hell and When Hell Broke Loose). This US/Japan work of art is in English! Women, don't let your boozing, womanizing journalist husband hang out in the Land of the Rising Sun!
Watch it free here.
Vincent Price is an accomplished actor, but here I want to showcase some of his scary films.
1953 House of Wax
1954 Mad Magician
1958 The Fly
1959 House on Haunted Hill
1959 Return on the Fly
1959 The Tingler
1959 The Bat
1960 The House of Usher
1961 The Pit and the Pendulum (I have on 16mm)
1962 Tales of Terror (I have on 16mm)
1962 Tower of London
1963 The Raven
1963 The Haunted Palace
1964 The Comedy of Terrors
1964 Last Man on Earth
1964 The Masque of the Red Death
1965 Tomb of Ligeia
1968 Witchfinder General
1969 The Oblong Box
1970 Scream and Scream Again
1971 The Abominable Dr. Phibes
1972 Dr. Phibes Rises Again
enough for now, you get the picture.
Future Dystopian Attractions: Benign Masochism in Dark Tourism
Robert S. Bristow, Ian Jenkins, and Alina Gross
Human misery and murder – so long as they were fake – were intriguing, and we, as a group, could glimpse the, from the safety of a show (Kullstroem, 2017: 263).
Introduction
Ancient Roman gladiatorial games may be one of the first practices of dark tourism where the spectator sought not only a death experience but one for entertainment (Stone, 2006; Stone et al., 2022). Thus, the birth of fright tourism emerged when the visitor desired some pleasurable opportunity at a dark event and not one simply seeking a pilgrimage or educational prospect. Today, fright attractions are big business. In the United States alone, the autumn Halloween season accounts for 10 billion US dollars (National Retail Federation, 2022). That interest is expected to continue in a society that will survive the current global COVID-19 pandemic (at the time of writing). This voyeuristic audience is drawn to a fictional future of death and suffering, while insisting on a sanitised experience. Even during the pandemic period, Halloween seasons have remained interest in these attractions, albeit one with face medical masks and social distancing. Beyond Halloween, that interest is found throughout the world. For example, the Japanese culture has a strong fascination with ghost themed fright attractions despite a real and horrific history.
The future of dark tourism destinations will still appeal to those seeking solace or to embrace our horrid history. Yet, these histories may yield unpleasant memories that have a long-lasting fate. For fright tourism, these settings that are sometime called ‘dark fun factories’ (after Stone, 2006) which are frequently fictionalised accounts of the past, present, or future (Powell & Iankova, 2016; Stone, 2009). Indeed, a fun-centric setting is central in fright attractions (Bristow & Newman, 2005; Kendrick, 1991; Wyatt et al., 2020), whereby settings are guided by industry gatekeepers who manipulate history into a tourist product for mass touristic consumption (Bristow, 2020; Tzanelli, 2016). Therefore, the purpose of this chapter, is to anticipate the potential future of fright tourism based upon a macabre interest in death, yet one disinfected from reality to escape the realism of death and suffering today. Consequently, we offer a brief history of the interest in fright attractions and link both the aversion to risk as well as the appeal of risky venues in present-day society. We also explore a global industry where several cultural milieus are discovered in our case study approach to understand the desirability of various fright attractions. This offers examples of the global prospect of citizens that desire a safe, sanitary, yet frightfully fun situation that we suspect will continue in a world that faces death and suffering on a regular basis. We offer several suggestions for the future tourism industry to incorporate the morbid desire of fright tourists.
++++
This is the intro to our chapter in a new book:
Stone, P.R. & Wright D. (Eds) (Forthcoming) The Future of Dark Tourism: Enlightening New Horizons (Channel View Publications).
Details forthcoming
Try this for starters ...
American Haunts. 2020. American Haunts: Facts. Accessed September 2022. http://www.americahaunts.com/ah/facts/.
Andersen M.M., Schjoedt U., Price H., Rosas F.E., Scrivner C., and Clasen M. 2022. Playing With Fear: A Field Study in Recreational Horror. Psychological Science 31(12) 1497–1510, http://DOI.org/ 10.1177/0956797620972116
Ashworth, G., and R. Hartmann. 2005. Horror and human tragedy revisited: the management of sites of atrocities for tourism. Cognizant Communication Corporation.
Ashworth, G., and R. Isaac. (2015) Have we illuminated the dark? Shifting perspectives on ‘dark’ tourism, Tourism Recreation Research 40(3): 316-325. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2015.1075726
BBC. 2017. Hong Kong: Man dies at haunted house attraction. See https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-41300031 (accessed 12/4/2022)
Bristow, R. S. 2020. Communitas in Fright Tourism. Tourism Geographies 22(2): 319-337. http://doi: 10.1080/14616688.2019.1708445.
Bristow, R.S. 2022. Fright Tourism. In Buhalis, D. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Bristow, R. S., and I. Jenkins. 2020. Geography of fear: fright tourism in urban revitalization. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events 12(2): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2019.1631319
Bristow, R. and Keenan, D. 2018. Fright Tourism: a Study of Fear. e-Review of Tourism Research (eRTR). 15(1): 63-78. https://ertr-ojs-tamu.tdl.org/ertr/index.php/ertr/article/view/165
Bristow, R. S., and M. Newman. 2005. Myth vs. fact: An exploration of fright tourism. In K. Bricker, (comp., Ed.), Proceedings of the 2004 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium, Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-326. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, pp. 215-221. https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/9597
Brown, S., P. McDonagh, and C. Shultz. 2012. Dark marketing: ghost in the machine or skeleton in the cupboard? European Business Review 24(3): 196-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/095553412112224771
Busby G. 2022. Dracula tourism. In Buhalis, D. (ed) Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Clasen, M. 2012. Monsters evolve: A biocultural approach to horror stories”, Review of General Psychology 16(2): 222-229. http:// doi.org/10.1037/a0027918
Clasen, M. 2017. Why horror seduces. Oxford University Press.
Currie, R. R. 1997. A pleasure-tourism behaviors framework. Annals of Tourism Research 24(4): 884-897. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00051-0
DeVisser-Amundson, A., A. De Korte and S. Williams. 2016. “Chill or thrill”: the impact of the “polarity paradox” on hospitality and tourism. Journal of Tourism Futures 2(1): 71-78.
Hand, R. J., and M. Wilson. 2000. The Grand-Guignol: aspects of theory and practice. Theatre Research International 25(3): 266-275.
Houran, J., S. Hill, E. Haynes, and U. Bielski. 2020. Paranormal tourism: Market study of a novel and interactive approach to space activation and monetization. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 61(3): 287-311.
Hoffner, C. A., and K. Levine. 2005. Enjoyment of mediated fright and violence: A meta-analysis. Media Psychology 7(2): 207-237. https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532785XMEP0702_5
Holloway, J. 2010. Legend-tripping in spooky spaces: Ghost tourism and infrastructures of enchantment. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 28(4): 618–637. http://doi.org/:10.1068/d9909
Hollycombe. 2022. Orton and Spooner, World’s Oldest Haunted House. Accessed September 2022 from https://www.hollycombe.co.uk/fairground/haunted-cottage
Jurković, T. 2013. Blood, monstrosity and violent imagery: Grand-Guignol, the French theatre of horror as a form of violent entertainment. Journal of Literature, Culture and Literary Translation, 4(1).
Kaplan, A. 2012. Dracula: The Life of Vlad the Impaler. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc.
Kendrick, W. M. 1991. The thrill of fear: 250 years of scary entertainment. Grove Weidenfeld.
Kerr, M. 2015. Scream: Chilling Adventures in the Science of Fear. Public Affairs, NY.
Light, D. 2007. Dracula tourism in Romania Cultural identity and the state. Annals of Tourism Research 34(3), 746-765.
Light, D. 2009. Performing Transylvania: Tourism, fantasy and play in a liminal place. Tourist Studies 9 (3): 240-258. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468797610382707
Light, D. 2016. The Dracula Dilemma: Tourism, Identity and the State in Romania. Routledge.
Light, D. 2017. The undead and dark tourism: Dracula tourism in Romania. In G. Hooper and J.J. Lennon (eds) Dark Tourism: Practice and Interpretation (pp. 121-133) Routledge, Abingdon.
Light, D., S. Richards and P. Ivanova. 2021. Exploring “gothic tourism”: a new form of urban tourism? International Journal of Tourism Cities. Advance online publication.
Linton, R. 1951. Halloween. Scientific American 185(4), 62-67.
McEvoy, E. 2016. Gothic tourism. Springer.
McClung, G. W. 1991. Theme park selection: Factors influencing attendance, Tourism Management 12(2): 132-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(91)90068-5
McKendry, B. 2013. The History of Haunted Houses, Fangoria America Haunts (special edition), The Brooklyn Company, NY. pp 6-7.
Milman, A. 2001. The future of the theme park and attraction industry: A management perspective. Journal of Travel Research 40(2): 139–147.
Morton, L. 2013. Trick or treat: A history of Halloween. Reaktion Books.
National Retail Federation. 2022. Halloween Data Center. Retrieved from https://nrf.com/insights/holiday-and-seasonal-trends/halloween/halloween-data-center
NBC Universal (2014) 12/04/2022, 16:30 Scared to Death? Teen Has Fatal Heart Attack at Ohio Haunted House See https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/scared-death-teen-has-fatal-heart-attack-ohio-haunted-house-n230811 (accessed 12/4/2022)
Olbrys Gencarella, S. 2007. Touring history: Guidebooks and the commodification of the Salem Witch Trials, The Journal of American Culture 30(3): 271-284.
Podoshen, J. S. 2013. Dark tourism motivations: Simulation, emotional contagion and topographic comparison. Tourism Management 35: 263–271. http://doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2012.08.002
Powell, R., and K. Iankova. 2016. Dark London: Dimensions and characteristics of dark tourism supply in the UK capital. Anatolia 27(3): 339–351.
Raine, R. 2013. A dark tourist spectrum. International Journal of Culture, tourism and hospitality Research 7(3): 242-256.
Ruide, K. 2019. Japanese amusement park’s new horror attraction involves handcuffing visitors in the dark. Sora News 24, 25 March.
Seaton, A. V. 1996. Guided by the dark: From thanatopsis to thanatourism. International Journal of Heritage Studies 2(4): 234-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527259608722178
Spracklen, K., and B. Spracklen. 2014. The strange and spooky battle over bats and black dresses: the commodification of Whitby Goth Weekend and the loss of a subculture. Tourist Studies 14(1): 86-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468797613511688
Stone, P. 2006. A dark tourism spectrum: Towards a typology of death and macabre related tourist sites, attractions and exhibitions. Turizam 54(2): 145-160. https://hrcak.srce.hr/161464
Stone P. 2009. "It's a Bloody Guide": Fun, Fear and a Lighter Side of dark Tourism at the Dungeon Visitor Attractions, UK. In R. Sharpley & P. Stone (Eds.), The Darker Side of Travel: The Theory and Practice of Dark Tourism (pp. 167-185). Bristol: Channel View.
Stone, P.R. and Grebenar, A., 2022. ‘Making Tragic Places’: dark tourism, kitsch and the commodification of atrocity. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 20(4), 457-474. DOI: 10.1080/14766825.2021.1960852
Tamborini, R., and J. Weaver. 1996. Frightening entertainment: A historical perspective of fictional horror. In Horror films: Current research on audience preferences and reactions (pp. 1–13). New York: Routledge.
Time Out. 2022. Daiba Haunted School. See https://www.timeout.com/tokyo/things-to-do/daiba-haunted-school (accessed July 2022).
Weir, R. E. 2012. Bewitched and Bewildered: Salem witches, empty factories, and tourist dollars. Historical Journal of Massachusetts 40(1-2): 178-212.
Wright, D. W. M. 2018. Terror park: A future theme park in 2100. Futures 96, 1-22.
Wyatt, B., A. Leask, and P. Barron. 2020. Designing dark tourism experiences: an exploration of edutainment interpretation at lighter dark visitor attractions, Journal of Heritage Tourism http://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2020.1858087
Wyatt, B. 2022. Dark Visitor Attractions. In Buhalis, D. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Halloween time, so what about this cultural event? Día de los Muertos or Day of the Dead, is a popular event in Latin America.
See this post from UK on a Mexico National Park.
See also this issue of Tourism Geographies.
I am currently working on this book chapter, stay tuned....
Future Dystopian Attractions: Benign Masochism in Dark Tourism
Robert S. Bristow, Ian Jenkins, and Alina Gross
Abstract
The future of Dark Tourism is contingent on the tourist’s ability to encounter a safe experience. Given the current stress on tourism from the pandemic and war, tourists are expected to seek a more entertaining environment to escape. Traditional dark attractions provide an essential opportunity to learn about our horrid past especially for those who seek solace to better understand why? One possible explanation that tourists are attracted to unpleasant destinations is the psychological theory of ‘benign masochism.’ The chapter explores the future of fright attractions by examining the cultural milieu of south-east Asia, central Europe and others.
Keywords: dystopian attractions, benign masochism, risk, cultural linkages, pleasure in the unpleasant, fright tourism
Always a favorite when I showed my 16mm print of this title.
Watch it here.
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