Wow, who knew about Peer Review Week?
What's Peer Review? Well short answer is the unbiased review of research. It is like when some medical doctor writes about some new treatment. These external review people check to make sure the research is appropriate and accurate given the parameters of the study.
Typically this is blind where the author doesn't know the reviewer and vice versa. There are other considerations, but that is the "cliff note version.
Incidentally, that is why the web is frequently garbage since no checks and balances. So take my blog with a grain of salt.